《Food Policy》| Zhang et al：以市场为导向的农业与农场绩效：来自中国农村的证据

摘要：部分时间劳作和小规模农业曾经是确保中国小农粮食安全的重要因素。但是，有证据表明，以市场为导向的农业活动（如土地租赁和经济作物种植）在农民中越来越受欢迎。本文调查了影响农民参与以市场为导向的农业活动的因素及其对农场绩效的影响（利润，产量和成本）。这项研究使用了来自农村家庭调查的全国代表性数据和多项内生转换处理（MESTR）技术。调查结果表明，社会经济属性，自然和实物资产以及机构会影响农民参与以市场为导向的农业活动。土地租赁使农村家庭的农场利润增加了约40％。然而，尽管农场面积增加，但由于土地租赁活动，农作物单产下降了约47％。经济作物种植分别使利润和收益分别增加了约64％和100％。最后，土地租赁和经济作物的共同作用使利润增加了将近158％，农场成本增加了约41％。

关键词：以市场为导向的农业；土地租赁；经济作物；农场绩效

Abstract: Part-time and small-scale farming used to be an essential factor in ensuring food security for small Chinese farmers. However, evidence shows that market-oriented farming (MOF) activities, such as renting-in land and cash cropping, are becoming more popular among farmers. This paper investigates the factors affecting farmers’ engagement in MOF and its impact on farm performance (profits, yields and costs). The study uses nationally representative data from a rural household survey and a multinomial endogenous switching treatment regression (MESTR) technique. Findings reveal that socioeconomic attributes, natural and physical assets, and institutions affect farmers’ participation in MOF activities. Renting-in land has allowed rural households to increase their farm profits by about 40%. However, despite increasing farm size, crop yields fell by about 47% due to land renting-in activities. Cash cropping increased both profits and yields by about 64% and 100%, respectively. Finally, the joint participation in renting-in land and cash cropping increased profits by nearly 158% and farm costs rose by about 41%.

Keywords: Market-oriented farming, Land renting, Cash cropping, Farm performance

《Food Policy》，最新影响因子为4.189，主要发表以下方向文章：

•食品生产，贸易，市场营销和消费
•食品系统的营养和健康方面
•食品需求，权利，安全和援助
•食品安全和质量保证
•食品系统和环境的可持续性

原文链接：

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919221000014

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